Faculty Profiles

Sow, Y. H., Ndiaye, P. I., Lindshield, S., & Pruetz, J. D. (2024). “Updating Chimpanzee Nesting Data at Mount Assirik (Niokolo Koba National Park, Senegal): Implications for Conservation.” Animals 14, No. 4 (2024): 553., 14(4), 553.

Massaro, A. P., Lonsdorf, E. V., Mwacha, D., Thompsom, M. E., Machanda, Z., Pruetz, J. D., … Wilson, M. (2024). Genital Wounding in Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Targeted Attacks or Happenstance? International Journal of Primatology, 1–13.

Lindshield, S. M., Ontl, K. B., Gašperšič, M., Goudiaby, A., Ndiaye, P. I., Tappan, G., … Pruetz, J. D. (2024). Roads and Woody Vegetation Structure Are Associated With Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Occurrence at Its Northern Range Limit.". Journal of Biogeography.

Diallo, D., Ndiaye, P. I., Badji, L., & Pruetz, J. D. (2024). Savannah chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) nesting behavior in the unprotected area of Tikankali near to a mining exploitation and the Niokolo Koba National Park in Senegal. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 12, 1228373.

Gerstner, K. F., & Pruetz, J. D. (2024). Working and impacting local communities as establishing the start of a conservation initiative: American Society of Primatology conservation committee webinar.

Pruetz, J. D., Bogart, S., Lindshield, S., & Walkup, K. (2024). Tool-assisted foraging in primates: a review. In J. E. Lambert & J. Rothman (Eds.), How Primates Eat. Chicago, IL, USA: Chicago University Press.

Tim Eppley, & Pruetz, J. D. (2024). Field stations yield high return on investment for conservation in a time of crises. Conservation Letters.

Achorn, A., Lindshield, S., Ndiaye, P. I., Winking, J., & Pruetz, J. D. (2023). Reciprocity and beyond: explaining meat transfers in savanna-dwelling chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. American Journal of Biological Anthropology.

Pruetz, J. D. (n.d.). Apes at the Edge: Chimpanzee Life in a West African Savanna. Chicago, IL, USA: Chicago University Press.

Chen, H., Lindshield, S., Ndiaye, P. I., Ndiaye, Y. H., Pruetz, J. D., & Reibman, A. R. (2023). Applying Few Shot Learning for In-the-Wild Camera-Trap Species Classification. AI.

Diallo, D., Ndiaye, P. I., Badji, L., & Pruetz, J. D. (2023). Savannah chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) nesting behavior in the unprotected area of Tikankali near to a mining exploitation and the Niokolo Koba National Park in Senegal. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 12.

Bolter, D. R., Cameron, N., Hawks, J., Churchill, S. E., Berger, L., Bernstein, R., … Wolfe, C. A. (2023). Addressing the growing fossil record of subadult hominins by reaching across disciplines. In Evolutionary Anthropology (4th ed., Vol. 32). USA: Wiley. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21995

Pruetz, J. D., Brink, G., Husic, D., LaDuke, Lansing, J., Master, T., … Dobson, K. (2022). Preliminary survey of primates at the newly established Camaquiri Conservation Initiative site in Costa Rica. Neotropical Primates.

Aguado, W., Rogers, H., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). Chimpanzees as ecosystem service providers: Seed dispersal of an economically important plant resource. Biotropica.

Sylla, S. F., Ndiaye, P. I., Bogart, S., Lindshield, S. M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). THE WESTERN CHIMPANZEE (PAN TROGLODYTES VERUS) IN THE ANTENNA ZONE (NIOKOLO KOBA NATIONAL PARK, SENEGAL): NESTING ECOLOGY AND SYMPATRICS WITH OTHER MAMMALS. APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 20(3), 2663–2681.

Gerstner, K., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). Wild Chimpanzee Welfare: A Focus on Nutrition, Foraging and Health to Inform Great Ape Welfare in the Wild and in Captivity. Animals, 12(23), 3370.

Herzog, N., Pruetz, J. D., & Hawkes, K. (2022). Investigating foundations for hominin fire exploitation: Savanna-dwelling chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in fire-altered landscapes. Journal of Human Evolution, 167, 103193.

Diallo, D., Ndiaye, P. I., Badji, L., Micheletti, K., Diallo, B., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). Nidification du chimpanzé de savane (Pan troglodytes verus) dans la zone non protégée de Bantankiline (Kédougou, Sénégal). Bulletin de La Société Royale Des Sciences de Liège.

Gerstner, K. F., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). Wild chimpanzee welfare: a focus on nutrition, foraging and health to inform great ape welfare in the wild and in captivity.

Diallo, D., Ndiaye, P. I., Badji, L., Micheletti, K., Diallo, B., & Pruetz, J. D. (2022). Nidification du chimpanzé de savane (Pan troglodytes verus) dans la zone non protégée de Bantankiline (Kédougou, Sénégal). Bulletin de La Société Royale Des Sciences de Liège. https://doi.org/10.25518/0037-9565.10926

Pruetz, J. D., Cramer, J. D., & Sussman, R. (2021). Terrestrial Cercopithecines: Patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops). In The Natural History of Primates: A Systematic Survey of Ecology and Behavior. USA: Rowan and Littlefield.

Micheletti, K., Aguado, W., Ndiaye, P., & Pruetz, J. D. (2021). Indirect evidence of tool-assisted hunting in the Bantan chimpanzee community in southeastern Senegal savanna-woodlands. Pan Africa News, 28(2).

Lindshield, Aguilar, A. H., Koerstjens, A., Marchant, L., Ndiaye, P. I., Ogawa, H., … Yoshikawa, M. (2021). Chimpanzees in a savanna landscape. Evolutionary Anthropology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/evan.21924

Lindshield, S. M., Rothman, J., Ortmann, S., & Pruetz, J. D. (2021). Fongoli chimpanzees access a nutritionally balanced, high energy, and abundant food with extractive foraging. American Journal of Primatology.

Pruetz, J. D., & Greenlaw, C. (2021). Occam’s razor revisited: Overlooked guenon species support an African origin of Bronze Age Aegean fresco primate iconography from Akrotiri, Thera. Primates.

Pruetz, J. D., Bogart, S., & Lindshield, S. (2021). Chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal use tools and proto-tools to combat a harsh environment. In Chimpanzees in Context  A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON CHIMPANZEE BEHAVIOR, COGNITION, CONSERVATION, AND WELFARE. Chicago, IL, USA: Chicago University Press.

Stewart, F., & Pruetz, J. D. (2020). Sex Bias and Social Influences on Savanna Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Nest Building Behavior. International Journal of Primatology.

Ontl, K. B., & Pruetz, J. D. (2020). Mothers Frequent Caves: Lactation Affects Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Cave Use in Southeastern Senegal. International Journal of Primatology, 41(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00165-4

Wessling, E., Gonzalez, P. D., Llana, M., Pacheco, L., Pruetz, J. D., & Kuhl, H. S. (2020). Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Density and Environmental Gradients at Their Biogeographical Range Edge. International Journal of Primatology, 41(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00182-3

Lindshield, S., Bogart, S., Gueye, O., Ndiaye, P. I., & Pruetz, J. D. (2019). Informing protection efforts for critically endangered chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and sympatric mammals amidst rapid growth of extractive industries in Senegal. Folia Primatologica, 90(2), 124-136., 90(2), 124–136.

Wessling, E. G., Oelze, V. M., Eshuis, H., Pruetz, J. D., & Kuhl, H. S. (2019). Stable isotope variation in savanna chimpanzees indicate avoidance of energetic challenges through dietary compensation at the limits of the range. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23872

Pruetz, J. D. (2018). Nocturnal behavior in a diurnal ape: Chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. American Journal of Physical Anthropology.

Ndiaye, P. I., Boyer-Ontl, K., Lindshield, S., Wessling, E., & Pruetz, J. D. (2018). Survey of chimpanzees outside of nationally protected areas in Senegal. African Journal of Ecology.

Wessling, E. G., Kuehl, H., Mundry, R., Deschner, T., & Pruetz, J. D. (2018). The costs of living at the edge: Seasonal stress in wild savanna-dwelling chimpanzees. Journal of Human Evolution.

Ndiaye, P. I., Badji, L., Lindshield, S. M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2018). Nest-Building Behaviour by Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Non-Protected Area of Diaguiri (Kedougou, Senegal): Implications for Conservation. Folia Primatologica, 89, 316–326. https://doi.org/10.1159/000490945

Stewart, F. A., Piel, A. K., Azkarate, J. C., & Pruetz, J. D. (2018). Savanna chimpanzees adjust sleeping nest architecture in response to local weather conditions. American Journal Physical Anthropology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23461

Wessling, E. G., Deschner, T., Mundry, R., Pruetz, J. D., Wittig, R., & Kuhl, H. (2018). Seasonal Variation in Physiology Challenges the Notion of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) as a Forest-Adapted Species. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2018.00060

Pruetz, J. D., & Herzog, N. (2017). Chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal navigate a burned landscape. Current Anthropology, 58(S16), S337–S350.

Boyer-Ontl, K. M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2017). Mothers use caves more: Sex differences in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) cave use behavior. Journal of Human Evolution.

Lindshield, S. M., Daniels, B., Rothman, J., & Pruetz, J. D. (2017). Feeding in fear: Fongoli chimpanzees navigate a savanna landscape. American Journal Physical Anthropology, 163(3), 480–496. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23221

Pruetz, J. D., Boyer, K., Cleaveland, E., Lindshield, S., Marshack, J., & Wessling, E. (2017). First case of an inferred intracommunity lethal coalitionary attack in West African chimpanzees: Attack of a former alpha male at Fongoli, Senegal. International Journal of Primatology, 38(1), 31–57.

Haslam, M., Adriana Hernandez-Aguilar, A., Proffitt, T., Arroyo, A., Falótico, T., Fragaszy, D., … Luncz, L. (2017). Primate archaeology evolves. Nature Ecology and Evolution, 1, 1431–1437.

Pruetz, J. D. (2017). Book Review: Mahale: 50 Years. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. Wiley.

Badji, L., Diaye, P. I., Lindshield, S. M., Ba, C. T., & Pruetz, J. D. (2017). Savanna chimpanzee nesting ecology at Bagnomba (Kedougou, Senegal). Primates.

Kühl, H. S., Kalan, A. K., Arandjelovic, M., Aubert, F., Goedmakers, A., Jones, S., … Boesch, C. (2016). Chimpanzee stone throwing and accumulation: evidence for a phylogenetic origin of ritual sites. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22219

Pruetz, J. D., Danzy, J., & Sussman, R. W. (2016). Terrestrial Cercopithecines: Patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops). In R. W. Sussman (Ed.), Primate Ecology and Social Structure. Westview Press.

Waller, M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2016). Competition Between Chimpanzees and Humans: The Effects of Harvesting Non-timber Forest Products. In M. Waller (Ed.), Ethnoprimatology. Springer Press.

Pruetz, J. D., Bertolani, P., Boyer-Ontl, K., Lindshield, S., Shelley, M., & Wessling, E. G. (2015). New evidence on the tool- assisted hunting behavior of chimpanzees in a savanna habitat at Fongoli, Senegal. Royal Society Open Science, 2.

Pruetz, J. D. (2015). Uniquely Human? A Reply to Gintis et al., Zoon Politikon: The Evolutionary Origins of Human Political Systems. Curr Anthr, 56, 17–18.

Pruetz, J. D. (2015). Chicago Univ. Press.

Pruetz, J. D., Wilson, M. L., Boesch, C., Gilby, I. C., Hohmann, G., Itoh, N., … Wrangham, R. W. (2014). Rates of lethal aggression in chimpanzees depend on the number of adult males rather than measures of human disturbance. Nature, 513, 414–417.

McGrew, W. C., Baldwin, P. J., Marchant, L. F., Pruetz, J. D., & Tutin, C. G. (2014). Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and their Mammalian Sympatriates: Mt. Assirik, Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal. Primates, 55, 525–532.

Boyer, K. M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2014). Giving the Forest Eyes: Using camera traps to study unhabituated chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in southeastern Senegal. Int J Primatology, 35, 881–894.

Gruen, L., Fultz, A., & Pruetz, J. D. (2013). Ethical Issues in African Great Ape Field Studies. Intl J Lab Animal Research, 54, 24–32.

Stewart, F. A., & Pruetz, J. D. (2013). Do chimpanzee nests serve an anti-predatory function? Amer J Primatology, 75, 593–604.

Pruetz, J. D. (2013). Studying apes in a human landscape. In K. Strier (Ed.), Primate Ethnographies (pp. 228–237). Pearson Publishers.

Pruetz, J. D. (2013) (Vol. 121, p. 85). Cambridge University Press.

Bogart, S. B., Pruetz, J. D., & Hopkins, W. (2012). Laterality in termite fishing in savanna chimpanzees. Amer J Phys Anthr, 149, 591–598.

Skinner, M. F., & Pruetz, J. D. (2012). Circannual periodicity of repetitive linear enamel hypoplasia (rLEH) in dry- adapted chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) from Fongoli, Senegal. Amer J Phys Anthr, 149, 468–482.

Pruetz, J. D., & Lindshield, S. (2012). Food and tool sharing among savanna chimpanzees. Primates, 53, 133–145.

Pruetz, J. D., Ballahira, R., Camara, W., Linshield, S., Marshack, J. L., Olson, A., … Villalobos-Flores, U. (2012). Update on the Assirik Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Population in Niokolo Koba National Park, Senegal. PAN Africa News, 19, 8–11.

Gaspersic, M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2012). Chimpanzees in Bandafassi Arrondissement, southeastern Senegal: Field survey as basis for sustainable community-based conservation. PAN Africa News, 18.

Pruetz, J. D., Robbins, & Boesch. (2012). American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Vol. 150, p. 504).

Pruetz, J. D., McClancy, & Fuentes. (2012). Amer J Physical Anthropology (Vol. 147, p. 679).

Pruetz, J. D., & Lindshield, S. (2012). Plant food & tool transfer in savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. Primates.

Bertolani, P., & Pruetz, J. D. (2011). Seed-reingestion in savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. Int J Primatology, 32, 1123–1132.

Bogart, S., & Pruetz, J. D. (2011). Insectivory of savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. American J Physical Anthropology, 70, 605–612. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21452

Pruetz, J. D. (2011). Targeted helping by a wild adolescent male chimpanzee: Evidence for empathy? Journal of Ethology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-010-0244-yOnline First

Howells, M., Pruetz, J. D., & Gillespie, T. (2011). Patterns of gastrointestinal parasitism in sympatric chimpanzees and baboons at Fongoli, Senegal. American J Primatology, 71, 173–179.

Pruetz, J. D. (2011). American Anthropologist (Vol. 113, pp. 523–524).

Pruetz, J. D., Beck, Shumaker, & Walkup. (2011). Animal Tool Behavior (chapter review of chimpanzee tool use). Johns Hopkins Press.

Pruetz, J. D., Socha, A., & Kante, D. (2010). New range record for the lesser spot-nosed guenon (Cercopithecus petaurista) in southeastern Senegal. African Primates, 7, 64–66.

Pruetz, J. D., & Kante, D. (2010). Successful return of an infant chimpanzee to its natal group after a poaching incident. African Primates, 7, 35–41.

Walkup, K., Shumaker, R., & Pruetz, J. D. (2010). Orangutans (Pongo spp.) may prefer tools with rigid properties to flimsy ones. J Comparative Psych, 124, 351.

Pruetz, J. D., & LaDuke, T. C. (2010). Reaction to fire by savanna chimpanzees: Conceptualization of fire behavior and the case for a chimpanzee model. Amer J Phys Anthr, 141, 646–650.

Pruetz, J. D. (2009). Socioecology of Vervet (Cercopithecus aethiops) and Patas Monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in Kenya. Special Series: Primate Field Studies. Pearson-Prentice Hall.

Pruetz, J. D., & Bertolani, P. (2009). Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) behavioral responses to stresses associated with living in a savanna-mosaic environment: Implications for hominin adaptations to open habitats. Paleoanthropology, 2009, 252–262.

Pruetz, J. D., & Marshack, J. L. (2009). Predation on patas monkeys by savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. PAN Africa News, 16, 15–17.

Pruetz, J. D., & Wich, S. (2009). Orangutan Behavioral Ecology (chapter review).

Bogart, S., & Pruetz, J. D. (2008). Ecological context of termite fishing by savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. Amer J Primatology, 70, 605–612.

Bogart, S. L., Pruetz, J. D., & Kante, D. (2008). Fongoli Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Eats Banded Mongoose (Mungos mungo). PAN Africa News, 15, 15–17.

Pruetz, J. D., & Bertolani, P. (2007). Savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) hunt with tools. Current Biology, 17, 1–6.

Pruetz, J. D., Fulton, S. J., Marchant, L. F., McGrew, W. C., Schiel, M., & Waller, M. (2007). Arboreal nesting as predator adaptation in savanna chimpanzees. Amer J Primatology, 70, 393–401.

Stewart, F., Pruetz, J. D., & Hansell, M. H. (2007). Do chimpanzees build comfortable nests? Amer J Primatology, 69, 1–10.

Pruetz, J. D. (2007). Evidence of cave use by savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Fongoli, Senegal. Primates, 48, 316–319.

Bertolani, P., Scholes, C., Pruetz, J. D., & McGrew, W. C. (2007). Laterality in Termite-Fishing by Fongoli Chimpanzees: Preliminary Report. PAN Africa News, 14, 1–3.

Pruetz, J. D., & Bertolani, P. (2007). Savanna chimpanzees hunt with tools. Curr Biol, 17, 1–6.

Sponheimer, M., Loudon, J. E., Howells, M. E., Pruetz, J. D., Codron, D., Codron, J., … Lee-Thorp, J. A. (2006). Do Savanna Chimpanzees Consume C4 resources? J Hum Evol, 51, 128–133.

Pruetz, J. D. (2006). Feeding ecology of savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. In C. Boesch, G. Hohmann, & M. Robbins (Eds.), The Feeding Ecology of Great Apes and other Primates (Cambridge Studies in Biological & Evolutionary Anthropology). Cambridge Univ. Press.

McGrew, W. C., Pruetz, J. D., & Fulton, B. J. (2005). Chimpanzees use tools to harvest social insects at Fongoli, Senegal. Folia Primatol, 76, 222–226.

Pruetz, J. D. (2005). Prentice Hall Publishers.

Ensminger, A. E., Marchant, L. F., McGrew, W. C., Pruetz, J. D., & Vigilant, L. (2004). Genotyping aids field study of unhabituated wild chimpanzees, 63, 87–93.

Luckett, J., Danforth, E., Linsenbardt, K., & Pruetz, J. D. (2004). Planted trees as corridors for primates at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica. Neotropical Primates, 12, 143–146.

Gaspersic, M., & Pruetz, J. D. (2004). Predation on a monkey by savanna chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal. PAN Africa News, 11, 8–10.

Pruetz, J. D. (2004). Prentice Hall Publishers.

McGrew, W. C., Baldwin, P. J., Marchant, L. F., Pruetz, J. D., Scott, S. E., & Tutin, C. G. (2003). Ethoarchaeology and elementary technology of unhabituated wild chimpanzees at Assirik, Senegal, West Africa. Paleoanthropology, 1, 1–20.

Carter, J., Ndiaye, S., Pruetz, J. D., & McGrew, W. C. (2003). Senegal. In R. Kormos & C. Boesch (Eds.), Conservation International Report on the Conservation Status of the West African Chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes verus.

Pruetz, J. D., & Johnson-Fulton, S. (2003). Evidence for leaf-swallowing behavior by savanna chimpanzees in Senegal – a new site record. PAN Africa News, 10, 14–16.

Pruetz, J. D., & Miller, L. (2003). Eat or Be Eaten. Amer J Phys Anth (Vol. 122, pp. 188–189).

Pruetz, J. D. (2003).

Pruetz, J. D., Marchant, L. F., Arno, J., & McGrew, W. C. (2002). Survey of savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in southeastern Senegal. Amer J Primatology, 58, 35–43.

Pruetz, J. D., & Leasor, H. C. (2002). Densities of primate species in forest fragments at La Suerte Biological Field Station, Costa Rica. Neotropical Primates, 10(1), 4–9.

Pruetz, J. D. (2002). Use of caves by savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Tomboronkoto Region of southeastern Senegal. PAN Africa News, 8, 26–28.

Pruetz, J. D. (2002). J. Anthropol Res (Vol. 58, pp. 545–546).

Pruetz, J. D. (2002). Prentice Hall Publishers.

Pruetz, J. D., & McGrew, W. C. (2001). What does a chimpanzee need? Using behavior to guide the care of captive populations. In L. Brent (Ed.), The Care and Management of Captive Chimpanzees, The American Society of Primatologists’ Book Series Special Topics in Primatology.

Marchant, L. F., Ensminger, A., Pruetz, J. D., & McGrew, W. C. (2001). Highly successful non-invasive collection of DNA from wild chimpanzees. PAN Africa News, 7, 20–21.

Pruetz, J. D., Fleagle, J. G., Janson, C., & Reed, K. (2001). J Anthropol Res (Vol. 57, pp. 83–84).

Pruetz, J. D., & Isbell, L. A. (2000). Ecological correlates of competitive interactions in female vervets (Cercopithecus aethiops) and patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in simple habitats. Beh Ecol Sociobiol, 49, 38–47.

Isbell, L. A., Pruetz, J. D., Nzuma, B. M., & Young, T. P. (1999). Comparing measures of travel distances in primates: methodological and socioecological implications. Amer J Primatology, 48, 87–98.

Isbell, L. A., Pruetz, J. D., Lewis, M., & Young, T. P. (1999). Rank differences in ecological behavior: a comparative study of patas monkeys and vervets. Internatl J Primatol, 20, 257–272.

Garber, P. A., Pruetz, J. D., Lavallee, A., & Lavallee, S. (1999). A preliminary study of mantled howling monkey (Alouatta palliata) ecology and conservation on Isla de Ometepe, Nicaragua. Neotropical Primates, 7, 113–117.

Isbell, L. A., & Pruetz, J. D. (1998). Differences between patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) in agonistic interactions between adult females. Internatl J Primatol, 19, 837–855.

Isbell, L. A., Pruetz, J. D., & Young, T. P. (1998). Movements of vervets (Cercopithecus aethiops) and patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) as estimators of food resource size, density, and distribution. Behav Ecol Sociobiol, 42, 123–133.

Isbell, L. A., Pruetz, J. D., Young, T. P., & Lewis, M. (1998). Locomotory activity differences between sympatric patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): Implications for evolution of long hindlimb length in Homo. Amer J Phys Anthropol, 105, 199–207.

Garber, P. A., Moya, L., Pruetz, J. D., & Ique, C. (1996). Social and Seasonal Influences on Reproductive Biology in Male Moustached Tamarins (Saguinus mystax). Amer J Primatol, 38, 29–46.

Pruetz, J. D., & Bloomsmith, M. A. (1995). The Effect of Paternity on Interactions between Adult Male and Immature Chimpanzees in Captivity. Folia Primatol, 65, 174–180.

Garber, P. A., & Pruetz, J. D. (1995). Effect of Forest Structure on Positional Behavior in Moustached Tamarin Monkeys. J Hum Evol, 28, 411–426.

Garber, P. A., Encarnacion, F., Moya, L., & Pruetz, J. D. (1993). Demographic and Reproductive Patterns in Moustached Tamarin Monkeys (Saguinus mystax): Implications for Reconstructing Platyrrhine Mating Systems. Amer J Primatol, 29, 235–254.

Garber, P. A., Pruetz, J. D., & Isaacson, J. (1993). Patterns of Range Use, Range Defense, and Intergroup Spacing in Moustached Tamarin Monkeys (Saguinus mystax). Primates, 34, 11–25.

Pruetz, J. D., & Bloomsmith, M. A. (1992). Comparing Two Manipulable Objects as Enrichment for Captive Chimpanzees. Animal Welfare, 1, 127–137.